Cold or flu? Dr. Jay Berger helps parents spot the difference

As kids return to school and seasonal illnesses begin to spread, many parents find themselves asking: Is it just a cold—or something more serious like the flu? In a recent News12 interview, Dr. Jay Berger, medical director and chair of pediatrics at Optum Medical Care, shared practical advice to help families navigate this confusing time.

“With both having similar symptoms, it can be confusing as to how to treat,” Dr. Berger explained. “But it’s not too difficult to distinguish if you know what you’re looking for.”

Cold vs. flu: Key differences

Colds develop gradually and tend to be mild:

• Runny nose
• Mild cough
• Low-grade fever
• Fatigue
• Symptoms may last a week or more

Flu symptoms appear quickly and intensely:

• Sudden onset
• High fever (103–104°F)
• Body aches
• Severe fatigue
• Children often feel significantly worse than with a cold

What about allergies?

Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to a harmless substance like pollen or dust. Unlike colds or flu, allergies:

• Do not cause fever or body aches
• Often include sneezing, itchy eyes, and clear nasal discharge
• Persist or worsen with exposure to allergens

How to care for your child

Dr. Berger recommends:

• Fluids and rest for both cold and flu
• Tylenol or Motrin to ease discomfort—not to suppress fever
  

  “Fever is actually helpful. It’s part of how the body fights off viruses and can help your child get better sooner.”

• Call your pediatrician if flu symptoms worsen or your child seems unusually tired or dehydrated

Prevention tips for families

To help reduce the risk of illness:

• Wash hands regularly
• Eat nutritious foods
• Get plenty of sleep
• Get the flu vaccine
  

  “Even if your child gets the flu, the vaccine can help make symptoms much less severe,” Dr. Berger said.

 Watch the full interview on News12: The differences in caring for a child with a cold vs. the flu